Steam plant



March 26, 1940.

STEAM PLANT Filed July 21, 1936 ATTORNEY.

K. K. KIELLAND 2,194,504

Patented Mar 26, 1940 PLANT v Kaspar Kruse Kielland, Sogn Havoby, Aker, Norway, assignor to Ruthsaccumulator A. 8., Oslo, Norway, a corporation of Norway Appl ation July 21,1936, Serial No. 91,666 In Norway July'23, 1935 4' Claims. "(or m ss) invention relates to steam plants and more particularly to a combination steam generator and accumulator.

r In accordance with my invention high pressure steam generating tubes are placed within a fire tube which in turn is disposed within a low pres sure container which serves as an accumulator. Excess steam generated is supplied to the accumulator where it is stored until required by an increase in load or a decrease in therateof steam generation. The placing Of'the fire tube within the accumulatorresults in a conservation of heat inasmuch as heat transmitted through the walls or the fire tube is absorbed by the" water in the accumulator and may be used to generatelcw pressurelsteam'therein. v

one of the advantages of my invention is that the cost for insulation, foundations and for erection .of a plant are considerably less., than when the generator and accumulator are two tion the steam is introduced into the accumulator.

throughv one or mor'e'nozzljes located below the water level therein, This results .in maintaining a circulationof water within the accumulator which is particularly important'when the accumulator is heated, inasmuch as it assures an excellent heattransfer between the fire'tube and the water in the accumulator.

= Another object of my invention is to utilize hot water contained in the accumulator as feed water for the steam generatorl.

Further objects and advantages of myjinverrtion will beapparent from the following descrip- W'tion when considered in connection with the accompanying drawing which forms part of this specification and of which:

. Fig. l is a more or less diagrammatical crosssectional 'view' showing one embodiment ofv my invention; and v Fig. 2 is a more or less. diagrammatical crosssectional view showing another embodiment of my invention. V

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 a fire tube 50 extends through an accumulator ll and high pressure evaporator-tubes l2 aredisposed within the fire tube. 'Feed water is supplied to the evaporator tubes through a conduit 13 by a pump 14 i which circulates water to a rectifier '18 from 56 where it is circulated by pump 15 to the evapov rator tubes.

pump 9! circulates water through conduit $2 to charge the. accumulator. 'tion of steam into the accumulator increases the I pressure therein, and also the temperature, and 50 A float, control valve It is inter posedg' between pump it and. the rectifier and vfunctions tomaintain a substantially constant liquid level in the rectifier. Thus,'upon an increase in level in the rectifier, valve it is closed more or less.-

High pressure steam is supplied to the line 'l'l. I which conveys it to high pressure steam con sumers. A conduit l8. also conveys steam through overflow valve to nozzles '19 located in thewater space of aocwnulator ll. As here shown firetube T0 is located" eccentrically with respect to the accumulatorand nozfles l9 are so directed as to cause a circulation of, water between the fire tube and the adjacent wall oithe accumulator. Due to the fact that the space be tween the fire'tube and theaccumulator at this point is somewhat restricted, the, circulation therethrough is rapid, and increases the rate of heat transfer from the tube to the water.

In order to increase the accumulator capacity, a second accumulator vessel 62 is located at substantially the same level as accumulator ll and connected thereto at the top by means of a i pressure equalizing conduit 83. A conduit 84 extends from within accumulator ll at a point somewhat above the top of fire tube l0 and leads to the lower part of accumulator 82.

A'pump 65 withdraws water from any suitable source, and circulates it through valves 86 and 81 to a conduit 88; A conduit 89 connects the lower part of accumulator 82 with conduit 88 and a check valve 961 is interposed in conduit 39. A

the upper part of accumulator ll.

Valve 86' is controlled by the pressure existing within the accumulators and is arranged to be opened by an increase in pressure therein. Valve 81 is a float controlled valve and is arranged to be closed should theliquid level within the a c-' cumulators riseto a maximum permissible height. Check valve llllpermits the flow of liquid from accumulator 82, but prevents return flow of liquid I into the accumulator connected to the conduit 89.

The operation of this embodiment is as follows:

Excess steam generated is passed through overflow valve 25 to accumulator l l where it serves to Continued introducvalve 86 is opened in response to the increase in pressure. This permits cold water to be supplied by pump 85 through conduit 88 and by pump 9! throughconduit 92 to accumulator II. The termination of conduit 84 within accumuthe liquid level therein will be high enough to cover the fire tube. Additional liquid flows through conduit 84 to accumulator 82. Pump 9| also withdraws liquid through conduit 89 from accumulator 82 and supplies it to accumulator H, thereby creating a continuous circulation between these two members.

Should the requirement for high pressure steam increase so that no steam is supplied through the overflow valve 25 to the accumulators, the 1 pressure therein tends to decrease and valve is closed, thereby preventing the further introduction of cold water and arresting the decrease in pressure caused thereby. Low pressure steam may be withdrawn from the accumulators through a conduit 93 in the usual manner. This conduit may communicate with the steam sparev of either of the accumulators.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is the same as .that illustrated in Fig. 1, except with respect to the regulation of valves 86 and 25. As shown in Fig. 2, regulator valve 25a for controlling the admission of high pressure steam to the accumulators is controlled in accordance with the pres:

, sure existing within the accumulators the control being such that a decrease in pressure with-' in the accumulators opens the valve 25a to permit the introduction of additional steam. Valve. 86a is regulated in accordance with the pressure in the high pressure steam line 11, the arrangement being such that an increase in pressure in the steam line opens valve 8611.

Thus, an increase in pressure in line 11, which may be caused by either a decrease in demand for high pressure steam or an increase in the rate of steam generation, causes valve 86a to open, thus permitting cold water to be supplied by pumps and 9! to the accumulator'll. This cold water introduced into accumulator 'll' tends to reduce the pressure therein, which reduction in pressure causes valve 25a to open, thus ,permitting theflow of high pressure steam into the accumulator to heat the cold water introduced.

I 45; Likewise, a reduction in the pressure in line 11 causes valve 86a to close more or less, thus re-- ducing the amount of cold water supplied to the accumulator, whereupon the pressure therein tends to increase, which in turn results in the closing of the regulating valve 25a. This reduces or prevents the flow of steam into the accumulator, thus making this steam available for use tion is not to be limited thereby but is to be determined by the appended claims when viewed in the light of the prior art.

What I claim is: A

1.111 a steam' plant, in combination, av first accumulator, a fire tube extending within said ac cumulator, an evaporator disposed within said:

fire tube, means for heating said evaporator to generate high pressure steam therein, a conduit' connecting said evaporator with said accumulator, an overflow valve therein; a second accumulator, means for circulatingwaterffrom the lower part of said second accumulator to said first accumulator, a conduit connecting the vapor spaces of said (accumulators, and a conduit for f conveying water from said first, accumulator to said second accumulator, the last mentioned'con duit extending above the topof said fire tube.

.2. Ina steam plant, in combination, an accu mulator, a fire tube extending within said accumulator, an evaporator disposed within'said fire crate high pressure steam therein, a conduit con-;

necting said evaporator with said accumulator, an, I

responsive to an increase in pressure within said,

accumulator to open said regulator valve.

3. In a steam plant, in combination, an accu-; f 30 mulator, a fire tube extending withinsaidac cumulator, an evaporator disposed. within. said- 20 Y tube, means for heating said evaporator to genfire tube, means for heating said evaporator to generatehigh pressure steam therein, aconduitlator, a regulator valve in said conduit, means re.-. 3

connecting said evaporator with said accumusponsive to a decrease in pressure in said ,acj cumulator to opensaid valve, a conduit for supplying water to said accumulator, a ul tor;

valve in the last. mentioned conduit, and means.

40. steamgenerated in said evaporator to open theresponsive to an increase in the pressure cit-the,

last mentioned valve.

4. In a steam generating and storing plantiin I combination, 'a. plurality of accumulators for-stor ing low pressure steam, conduits establishing continuously'open communication between the steam spaces and water spaces, respectivelyof said ac cumulators, whereby to establish equalization of pressure, between said accumulators, a fire tubeextending within one of said accumulators, a

high pressure steam generator disposed within said fire tube, means within said firetubeior.

heating both said generator and. the contents of the accumulator within which said fire tube is disposed, means for circulating water-between said accumulators to-thereby equalize tempera;

ture, means for conducting steam from said gen-1' erator to the lower part of one of said accumulators, and means .ior reducing the pressurepfv the steam soconducted. I KASPAR KRUSE 

